All 6 History topics for Edexcel International AS & A Level, grouped the way the exam is. Each topic has a few flashcards to test yourself; the full sets are free in Socrates AI.
Topics are grouped by theme; the exam papers test skills across all of them.
What is a primary source?
A source produced at the time of the events being studied, or by someone who took part in them.
What is a secondary source?
A source produced later by someone who was not there, e.g. a historian's book.
What does provenance mean?
Where a source comes from: who produced it, when, why and for whom.
Revise all 20 Historical skills: sources and interpretations flashcards free →
Who was king of France when the Revolution began in 1789?
Louis XVI.
What were the three Estates in pre-revolutionary France?
First Estate: clergy; Second Estate: nobility; Third Estate: everyone else, about 97% of the population.
Why was France bankrupt by the 1780s?
Costly wars, especially support for the American War of Independence, and an unfair tax system that exempted the privileged.
Revise all 20 France in revolution, 1774–1799 flashcards free →
Who was the last Tsar of Russia?
Nicholas II (ruled 1894–1917).
What was the 1905 Revolution triggered by?
Bloody Sunday: troops fired on peaceful protesters in St Petersburg, and defeat in the Russo-Japanese War.
What was the October Manifesto (1905)?
Nicholas II's promise of civil rights and an elected parliament, the Duma.
Revise all 20 Russia in revolution, 1894–1921 flashcards free →
What was the Weimar Republic?
The democratic German government from 1919 to 1933.
What was Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution?
It allowed the President to rule by emergency decree.
What was the Spartacist Uprising (1919)?
A communist revolt in Berlin crushed by the government using the Freikorps.
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What was the 'Roaring Twenties'?
The 1920s economic boom in the USA, with rising consumer spending and new culture.
Give three causes of the 1920s boom.
New industries (cars, electrical goods), mass production, credit (hire purchase), advertising and Republican laissez-faire policies.
What was Henry Ford's contribution to the boom?
The moving assembly line, which made cars such as the Model T cheap enough for ordinary people.
Revise all 20 The USA, 1917–1941: boom, bust and the New Deal flashcards free →
When did the Qing dynasty fall?
In the 1911 Revolution; the last emperor, Puyi, abdicated in 1912.
Who was Sun Yat-sen?
The founder of the Guomindang (Nationalist Party) and leader of the 1911 Revolution.
What was the May Fourth Movement (1919)?
Protests against the Treaty of Versailles giving German rights in Shandong to Japan, sparking nationalism and new ideas.
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